- WAYS TO INCREASE LOW HEMATOCRIT AND HEMOGLOBIN LEVELS MANUAL
- WAYS TO INCREASE LOW HEMATOCRIT AND HEMOGLOBIN LEVELS SERIES
Love 7 found an increase in hemoglobin (0.52–0.37 g/dL) and hematocrit (1.3–1.1%) after donation Moog 8 reported an increase in hematocrit (0.3%) and in red blood cell counts (0.0410 12/L), but unchanged hemoglobin at the end of the plateletpheresis Landžo 9 also reported on increased hematocrit levels in the subgroup going through continuous flow procedures (0.30%), while in the subgroup with discontinuous flow procedures there were no changes in hemoglobin, but a decrease in hematocrit.
WAYS TO INCREASE LOW HEMATOCRIT AND HEMOGLOBIN LEVELS SERIES
The effect of platelet donation on the red cell series has been addressed in several studies with differing results, as shown below. However, regarding plateletpheresis, there is no such evidence in the case of repeating donors 5, 6. These records demonstrate the importance of monitoring donors’ health. Since this protein screens anemia but does not show iron reserves 3 there is a significant risk for recurring donors of developing iron deficiency, just as it was shown in a meta-analysis that resulted in repeating donors having a high prevalence of iron deficiency, which could derive in fatigue, cognitive problems, among other clinical events. In its guide for the selection of donors published in 2012, the World Health Organization recommends measuring hemoglobin before proceeding with blood donations. Other authors present opposing data while stating that platelet donation by apheresis does not entail a significant loss of erythrocytes or of any other cell component 1, 2, 3, 4. Some of these may be short-term, such as those related with the anticoagulant (ACD-A), and others are associated with the procedure, like the loss of red blood cells although these are not considered significant due to the current availability of technology 1, some authors report that plateletpheresis can have long-term consequences such as anemia, iron deficiency and thrombocytopenia 3. However, there are reports on the possible adverse effects of apheresis platelet donation.
WAYS TO INCREASE LOW HEMATOCRIT AND HEMOGLOBIN LEVELS MANUAL
In that regard, the procedures by apheresis offer, in comparison with manual blood donations, advantages such as shorter periods of times required to be left between donations 2, a decrease of adverse events in patients, like refractoriness and alloimmunization, as well as more controlled doses and volume collection. The criteria established in each country for donations of blood or its components seek to protect donors and patients, obtain products that meet high-quality standards, and ensure that donations do not result in health problems for donors 1. Such evidence is relevant to secure the efficiency and safety of the procedure, improve selection processes or determine the number of donations that can be performed without affecting donors’ health. Plateletpheresis has a negative effect on the erythrogram parameters, explained by blood loss in the kits used for the procedure and cell lysis. Eighteen (18) articles were included, 17 evaluated the effects on hematocrit in 2,564 donors 13 on hemoglobin in 1,640 donors and 4 on red blood cell count in 243 donors.
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Heterogeneity was evaluated with Galbraith and DerSimonian-Laird’s, publication bias with a funnel plot and a Begg’s test, sensitivity analysis and a cumulative meta-analysis were also conducted. Reproducibility was guaranteed and methodological quality was evaluated. The PRISMA guidelines were considered, as well as 133 search strategies on four different databases. The objective was to meta-analyze the effect of plateletpheresis on hematocrit, hemoglobin, and erythrocyte count, with a systematic review with random effects meta-analysis of the mean difference. The effects of platelet donation by apheresis on different parameters of the erythrogram are still unclear.